Nutrição e HIV – Artigo 19

Vitamin D levels and their impact on mineral metabolism in HIV infected patients: an exploratory study Summary Vitamin D has immunomodulating properties. The nuclear receptor for vitamin D is expressed in several immune cells, which convert 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) to the active form 1,25 hydroxyvitamin D [1,25(OH)2 D]. Under conditions of infection, 1,25(OH)2 D promotes production of cathelicidin (an antimicrobial peptide) in monoc...

Nutrição e HIV – Artigo 18

Vitamin A supplements for reducing mother-to-child HIV transmission (Review) A B S T R A C T Background: Strategies to reduce the risk of mother-to-child transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) include lifelong antiretroviral therapy (ART) for HIV-positive women, exclusive breastfeeding from birth for six weeks plus nevirapine or replacement feeding plus nevirapine from birth for four to six weeks, elective Caesarean ...

Nutrição e HIV – Artigo 17

Vitamin A and D deficiencies associated with incident tuberculosis in HIV-infected patients initiating antiretroviral therapy in multinational case-cohort study Abstract Introduction—Numerous micronutrients have immunomodulatory roles that may influence risk of tuberculosis (TB), but the association between baseline micronutrient deficiencies and incident TB after antiretroviral (ART) initiation in HIV-infected individuals is not ...

Nutrição e HIV – Artigo 16

The mTOR complex controls HIV Latency SUMMARY A population of CD4 T lymphocytes harboring latent HIV genomes can persist in patients on antiretroviral therapy, posing a barrier to HIV eradication. To examine cellular complexes controlling HIV latency, we conducted a genome-wide screen with a pooled ultracomplex shRNA library and in vitro system modeling HIV latency and identified the mTOR complex as a modulator of HIV latency. Knockdown ...

Nutrição e HIV – Artigo 15

The Interaction between HIV and Intestinal Helminth Parasites Coinfection with Nutrition among Adults in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa In South Africa few studies have examined the effects of the overlap of HIV and helminth infections on nutritional status. This cross-sectional study investigated the interaction between HIV and intestinal helminths coinfection with nutritional status among KwaZulu-Natal adults. Participants were recruited ...

Nutrição e HIV – Artigo 14

The association of fat and lean tissue with whole body and spine bone mineral density is modified by HIV status and sex in children and youth Abstract Background—HIV-infected (HIV-pos) male children/youth showed lower bone mineral density at sexual maturity than HIV-uninfected (HIV-neg) females. It is not known whether complications of HIV disease, including abnormal body fat distribution, contribute to lower bone accrual in male HI...

Nutrição e HIV – Artigo 13

Possible association between the stage of HIV disease, antiretroviral treatment and the nutrient composition of breast milk in the Mangaung area, South Africa Introduction: In South Africa where replacement feeding may not be affordable, feasible or sustainable, HIV-infected women are recommended to exclusively breastfeed their infants during the first six months of life. The question arises whether HIV disease progression and its ...

Nutrição e HIV – Artigo 12

Plasma Micronutrient Concentrations Are Altered by Antiretroviral Therapy and LipidBased Nutrient Supplements in Lactating HIVInfected Malawian Women Abstract Background: Little is known about the influence of antiretroviral therapy with or without micronutrient supplementation on the micronutrient concentrations of HIV-infected lactating women in resource-constrained settings. Objective: We examined associations of highly active antire...