Biochemical and cellular properties of insulin receptor signalling
Abstract | The mechanism of insulin action is a central theme in biology and medicine. In addition to the rather rare condition of insulin deficiency caused by autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β‑cells, genetic and acquired abnormalities of insulin action underlie the far more common conditions of type 2 diabetes, obesity and insulin resistance. The latter predisposes to diseases ranging from hypertension to Alzheimer ...
The immunology of atherosclerosis
Abstract | Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide, both in the general population and among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). In most cases, the underlying cause of the cardiovascular event is atherosclerosis — a chronic inflammatory disease. CKD accelerates atherosclerosis via augmentation of inflammation, perturbation of lipid metabolism, and other mechanisms. In the artery wall, subendothelial retention of plasma ...
O papel da inflamação na sarcopenia relacionada à idade
Muitas mudanças fisiológicas ocorrem com o envelhecimento. Essas mudanças frequentemente, direta ou indiretamente, resultam em uma deterioração da qualidade de vida e até em uma redução da expectativa de vida. Além dos níveis aumentados de espécies reativas de oxigênio, dano ao DNA e apoptose celular, outro fator importante que afeta o processo de envelhecimento envolve uma inflamação sistêmica crônica de baixo ...
Obesity, Diabetes, and Cardiovascular Diseases Compendium
Abstract: Obesity is causally linked with the development of cardiovascular disorders. Accumulating evidence
indicates that cardiovascular disease is the collateral damage of obesity-driven adipose tissue dysfunction that
promotes a chronic inflammatory state within the organism. Adipose tissues secrete bioactive substances, referred
to as adipokines, which largely function as modulators of inflammation. The microenvironment of ...
The role of inflammation in depression: from evolutionary imperative to modern treatment target
Abstract | Crosstalk between inflammatory pathways and neurocircuits in the brain can lead to behavioural responses, such as avoidance and alarm, that are likely to have provided early humans with an evolutionary advantage in their interactions with pathogens and predators. However, in modern times, such interactions between inflammation and the brain appear to drive the development of depression ...
Relações Neutrófilo-Linfócito e Plaqueta-Linfócito como Preditores de Insuficiência Cardíaca
Resumo
Fundamento: A relação neutrófilo-linfócito (RNL) e a relação plaqueta-linfócito (RPL) são novos biomarcadores
inflamatórios usados como fatores prognósticos em várias doenças.
Objetivos: Comparar a RPL e a RNL de pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca (IC) àquelas de controles pareados por
idade e sexo, avaliar o valor preditivo desses marcadores na detecção de IC, e ...
Dietary Regulation of Keap1/Nrf2/ARE Pathway: Focus on Plant-Derived Compounds and Trace Minerals
Abstract: It has become increasingly evident that chronic inflammation underpins the development of many chronic diseases including cancer, cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. Oxidative stress is inherently a biochemical dysregulation of the redox status of the intracellular environment, which under homeostatic conditions is a reducing environment, whereas inflammation is the biological ...
Innate immune activation in neurodegenerative disease
Abstract | The triggering of innate immune mechanisms is emerging as a crucial component of major neurodegenerative diseases. Microglia and other cell types in the brain can be activated in response to misfolded proteins or aberrantly localized nucleic acids. This diverts microglia from their physiological and beneficial functions, and leads to their sustained release of pro-inflammatory mediators. In this Review, we discuss how the
ac...
