Vitamin A and D deficiencies associated with incident tuberculosis in HIV-infected patients initiating antiretroviral therapy in multinational case-cohort study
Abstract
Introduction—Numerous micronutrients have immunomodulatory roles that may influence risk of tuberculosis (TB), but the association between baseline micronutrient deficiencies and incident TB after antiretroviral (ART) initiation in HIV-infected individuals is not ...
The mTOR complex controls HIV Latency
SUMMARY
A population of CD4 T lymphocytes harboring latent HIV genomes can persist in patients on antiretroviral therapy, posing a barrier to HIV eradication. To examine cellular complexes controlling HIV latency, we conducted a genome-wide screen with a pooled ultracomplex shRNA library and in vitro system modeling HIV latency and identified the mTOR complex as a modulator of HIV latency. Knockdown ...
The Interaction between HIV and Intestinal Helminth Parasites Coinfection with Nutrition among Adults in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
In South Africa few studies have examined the effects of the overlap of HIV and helminth infections on nutritional status. This cross-sectional study investigated the interaction between HIV and intestinal helminths coinfection with nutritional status among KwaZulu-Natal adults. Participants were recruited ...
The association of fat and lean tissue with whole body and spine bone mineral density is modified by HIV status and sex in children and youth
Abstract
Background—HIV-infected (HIV-pos) male children/youth showed lower bone mineral density at sexual maturity than HIV-uninfected (HIV-neg) females. It is not known whether complications of HIV disease, including abnormal body fat distribution, contribute to lower bone accrual in male HI...
Possible association between the stage of HIV disease, antiretroviral treatment and the nutrient composition of breast milk in the Mangaung area, South Africa
Introduction: In South Africa where replacement feeding may not be affordable, feasible or sustainable, HIV-infected women are recommended to exclusively breastfeed their infants during the first six months of life. The question arises whether HIV disease progression and its ...
Plasma Micronutrient Concentrations Are Altered by Antiretroviral Therapy and LipidBased Nutrient Supplements in Lactating HIVInfected Malawian Women
Abstract
Background: Little is known about the influence of antiretroviral therapy with or without micronutrient supplementation on the micronutrient concentrations of HIV-infected lactating women in resource-constrained settings.
Objective: We examined associations of highly active antire...
Nutritional status and complementary feeding among HIVexposed infants: a prospective cohort study
Abstract
Complementary feeding is crucial for improving child survival and promoting growth and development, particularly among HIV-exposed children who have higher risk of morbidity and mortality than their un-exposed peers. This prospective study employed an infant and child feeding index (ICFI) to measure complementary feeding and determ...
Micronutrient supplementation in adults with HIV infection (Review)
A B S T R A C T
Background: Micronutrient deficiencies are common among adults living with HIV disease, particularly in low-income settings where the diet may be low in essential vitamins and minerals. Some micronutrients play critical roles in maintenance of the immune system, and routine supplementation could therefore be beneficial. This is an update of a Cochrane ...
