Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis: Enteral Nutrition Therapy for the Induction of Remission in Pediatric Crohn’s Disease
Abstract
Background—Despite potential adverse-events in a pediatric population, corticosteroids (CS) are used to induce remission in pediatric Crohn’s disease. Exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) also induces remission, but is infrequently used in the United States because CS is considered the superior therapy. New data have become available since the publica...
Preoperative Nutritional Conditioning of Crohn’s Patients—Systematic Review of Current Evidence
and Practice
Abstract: Crohn’s disease is an incurable and frequently progressive entity with major impact on affected patients. Up to half of patients require surgery in the first 10 years after diagnosis and over 75% of operated patients require at least one further surgery within lifetime. In order to minimize surgical risk, modifiable risk factors such as nutritional status need to ...
Oral Cyanocobalamin is Effective in the Treatment of Vitamin B12 Deficiency in Crohn’s Disease
Abstract: Cobalamin deficiency is common in patients with Crohn’s disease (CD). Intramuscular cobalamin continues to be the standard therapy for the deficiency and maintenance treatment in these patients, although oral route has been demonstrated to be effective in other pathologies with impaired absorption. Our aims were to evaluate the efficacy of oral therapy in the treatment of ...
Mucosal MicroRNAs Expression Profiles before and after Exclusive Enteral Nutrition Therapy in Adult Patients with Crohn’s Disease
Abstract: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to be important for the pathogenesis of Crohn’s disease (CD). Exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) is an effective therapy for inducing remission in CD. We aimed to investigate the alteration of miRNAs expression profile in the terminal ileal mucosa of CD patients before and after EEN. Twenty-five patients and ten ...
Macronutrient Intake and Risk of Crohn’s Disease: Systematic Review and Dose–Response
Meta-Analysis of Epidemiological Studies
Abstract: Dietary intake is potentially associated with the onset of Crohn’s disease (CD), but evidence from epidemiological studies has remained unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the role of macronutrient intake in the development of CD. A systematic search was conducted in PubMed and Web of Science to identify all relevant studies, and the role of ...
Killing of Escherichia coli by Crohn’s Disease Monocyte-derived Macrophages and Its Enhancement by Hydroxychloroquine and Vitamin D
Background: Crohn’s disease (CD) is associated with defective innate immunity, including impaired neutrophil chemotaxis, and mucosal invasion by bacteria, particularly adherent and invasive Escherichia coli that replicate inside macrophage phagolysosomes. We compared CD and healthy control (HC) macrophages for their abilities to kill E. coli and generate ...
Inflammation, Antibiotics, and Diet as Environmental Stressors of the Gut Microbiome in Pediatric Crohn’s Disease
Abstract
Abnormal composition of intestinal bacteria —“dysbiosis”— is characteristic of Crohn’s disease. Disease treatments include dietary changes and immunosuppressive anti-TNFα antibodies as well as ancillary antibiotic therapy but their effects on microbiota composition are undetermined. Using shotgun metagenomic sequencing, we analyzed fecal samples from ...
Enteral Nutrition in the Management of Pediatric and Adult Crohn’s Disease
Abstract: Genetic and environmental factors are thought to profoundly influence the pathophysiology of Crohn’s disease (CD). Changes in dietary and hygiene patterns affect the interactions between the immune system and environment. The gut microbiome is responsible for mediating host immune response with significant dysbiosis observed in individuals with CD. Diet therapy using exclusive enteral nutrition ...
