Altered expression of CTLA-4, CD28, VDR, and CD45 mRNA in T cells of patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis — a pilot study Abstract Introduction: CD28/T-cell receptor (TCR)/cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA4) complex controls T-cell tolerance and autoimmunity in Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT). In addition, CD45 protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTPase) and vitamin D receptor (VDR) cooperatively interact with the TCR complex to...
