Bundled HIV and Hepatitis C Testing in the Emergency Department: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Introduction: An estimated 25% of the 1.2 million individuals living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in the U.S. are co-infected with hepatitis C (HCV). The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends HCV testing for high-risk groups. Our goal was to measure the impact of bundled HIV and HCV testing vs. HIV testing alone on ...
Vitamin D increases programmed death receptor-1 expression in Crohn’s disease
ABSTRACT
Background: Vitamin D modulates inflammation in Crohn’s disease (CD). Programmed death (PD)-1 receptor contributes to the maintenance of immune tolerance. Vitamin D might modulate PD-1 signalling in CD.
Aim: To investigate PD-1 expression on T cell subsets in CD patients treated with vitamin D or placebo.
Methods: We included 40 CD patients who ...
Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn’s Disease Are Associated with Decreased Serum Selenium
Concentrations and Increased Cardiovascular Risk
Abstract: The incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and associated oxidative stress is increasing. The antioxidant mineral selenium (Se) was measured in serum samples from 106 IBD patients (53 with ulcerative colitis (UC) and 53 with Crohn’s disease (CD)) and from 30 healthy controls. Serum Se ...
The Impact of Exclusive Enteral Nutrition (EEN) on the Gut Microbiome in Crohn’s Disease: A Review
Abstract: Crohn’s disease (CD), a form of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), is thought to arise from a complex interaction of genetics, the gut microbiome, and environmental factors, such as diet. There is clear evidence that dietary intervention is successful in the treatment of CD—exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) is able to induce ...
The Association of Vitamin D Status with Disease Activity in a Cohort of Crohn’s Disease Patients
in Canada
Abstract: We determined the association between vitamin D status as 25hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and disease activity in a cohort of 201 Crohn’s Disease (CD) patients in Saskatoon, Canada over three years. The association between high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and 25(OH)D and several disease predictors were ...
Prediction of complicated disease course for children newly diagnosed with Crohn’s disease: a multicentre inception cohort study
Summary
Background—Stricturing and penetrating complications account for substantial morbidity and health-care costs in paediatric and adult onset Crohn’s disease. Validated models to predict risk for complications are not available, and the effect of treatment on risk is unknown.
Methods—We did a ...
Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis: Enteral Nutrition Therapy for the Induction of Remission in Pediatric Crohn’s Disease
Abstract
Background—Despite potential adverse-events in a pediatric population, corticosteroids (CS) are used to induce remission in pediatric Crohn’s disease. Exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) also induces remission, but is infrequently used in the United States because CS is considered the superior therapy. ...
Preoperative Nutritional Conditioning of Crohn’s Patients—Systematic Review of Current Evidence
and Practice
Abstract: Crohn’s disease is an incurable and frequently progressive entity with major impact on affected patients. Up to half of patients require surgery in the first 10 years after diagnosis and over 75% of operated patients require at least one further surgery within lifetime. In order to minimize surgical risk, modifia...
